Definition and Examples of Erotesis in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Erotesis in Rhetoric Definition The interesting expression known as erotesis is aâ rhetorical question inferring solid attestation or refusal. Likewise called erotema,â eperotesis andâ interrogation. Modifier: erotetic. Also, as Richard Lanham calls attention to in A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms (1991), erotesis might be characterized as a facetious inquiry which infers an answer yet doesn't give or lead us to anticipate one, as when Laertes yells about Ophelias franticness: Do you see this, O God? (Hamlet, IV, v). See Examples and Observations beneath. Likewise observe: What Is a Rhetorical Question?EcphonesisEpiplexisHypophoraInterrogative SentencePysmaQueclarativeQuestionYes-No Question EtymologyFrom the Greek, addressing Models and Observations Is it safe to say that i was not conceived in the domain? Were my folks conceived in any remote nation? Isn't my realm here? Whom have I persecuted? Whom have I enhanced to others hurt? What disturbance have I made in this republic that I ought to be suspected to have no respect to the same?(Queen Elizabeth I, reaction to a Parliamentary assignment, 1566)Was I an Irishman on that day that I intensely withstood our pride? or on the other hand on the day that I hung down my head and sobbed in disgrace and quiet over the mortification of Great Britain?(Edmund Burke, Speech to the Electors of Bristol, Sepremberâ 6, 1780)General, do you truly accept that the foe would assault without incitement, utilizing such a large number of rockets, planes, and subs that we would have no real option except to thoroughly destroy them?(John Wood as Stephen Falken in WarGames, 1983)Another thing that upsets me about the American church is that you have a white church and a Negro church. In what manner would segregation be able to exist in the genuine Body of Christ?(Martin Luther King, Jr., Pauls Letter to American Christians, 1956) Do you at that point truly believe that you have submitted your imprudences so as to save your child them?(Herman Hesse, Siddhartha, 1922) The Effects of Erotesis-Erotesis, or Interrogation, is a figure by which we express the feeling of our psyche, and mix a zest and vitality into our talk by proposing questions. . . . As these inquiries have the power of a peak, they should be articulated with expanding power to the end.(John Walker, A Rhetorical Grammar, 1814)- The plan of the erotesis or cross examination is to stir consideration regarding the subject of talk, and is a method of address splendidly determined to deliver an amazing impression of reality of a subject, as it challenges the inconceivability of inconsistency. Subsequently, How long, Cataline, shouts Cicero, will you misuse our patience?(David Williams, Composition, Literary and Rhetorical, Simplified, 1850) The Lighter Side of ErotesisYou may feel that you are not odd. However, would you stroll under a consuming buildi ng?(Robert Benchley, Good Luck, and Try and Get It)D-Day: Wars over, man. Wormer dropped the huge one.Bluto: Over? Did you say over? Nothing is over until we conclude it is! Was it over when the Germans shelled Pearl Harbor? Hellfire no!Otter: Germans?Boon: Forget it, hes rolling.(John Belushi as Bluto Blutarsky in Animal House, 1978) Articulation: e-ro-TEE-sister

Facts About Hydrogen, Atomic Number One on the Periodic Table

Realities About Hydrogen, Atomic Number One on the Periodic Table Hydrogen is the component that is nuclear number 1 on the intermittent table. The component number or nuclear number is the quantity of protons present in the iota. Every hydrogen molecule has one proton, which implies it has a 1 successful atomic charge. Essential Atomic Number 1 Facts At room temperature and weight, hydrogen is a dreary, unscented gas.While customarily named a nonmetal, the strong type of hydrogen acts like other soluble base metals in a similar section of the occasional table. Hydrogen metal structures under serious tension, so it isn't seen on Earth, yet it exists somewhere else in the sun based system.The unadulterated component securities to itself to shape diatomic hydrogen gas. This is the lightest gas, in spite of the fact that it isn't essentially lighter than helium gas, which exists as a monatomic element.Element nuclear number 1 is the most bottomless component known to mankind. As far as a sheer number of molecules, about 90% of iotas known to man are hydrogen. Since the component is so light, this converts into around 74% of the universe by mass.Hydrogen is incredibly combustible, yet it doesnt consume without the nearness of oxygen. If you somehow happened to put a lit match into a compartment of unadulterated hydrogen, the match wou ld just go out, not cause a blast. Presently, in the event that it was a blend of hydrogen and air, the gas would light! Numerous components can display an assortment of oxidation states. While nuclear number 1 generally shows a 1 oxidation state, it can likewise get a subsequent electron and display a - 1 oxidation state. Since two electrons fill the s subshell, this is a steady design. Nuclear Number 1 Isotopes There are three isotopes that all have nuclear number 1. While an iota of every isotope has 1 proton, they have various quantities of neutrons. The three isotopes are proton, deuterium, and tritium. Protium is the most widely recognized type of hydrogen known to man and in our bodies. Every protium iota has one proton and no neutrons. Commonly, this type of component number 1 has one electron for each molecule, however it promptly loses it to shape the H particle. At the point when individuals talk about hydrogen, this is the isotope of the component normally being examined. Deuterium is a normally happening isotope of component nuclear number 1 that has one proton and furthermore one neutron. Since the quantity of protons and neutrons is the equivalent, you may figure this would be the most rich type of the component, yet its generally uncommon. Just around 1 out of 6400 hydrogen iotas on Earth are deuterium. In spite of the fact that its a heavier isotope of the component, deuterium isn't radioactive. Tritium additionally happens normally, regularly as a rot item from heavier components. The isotope of nuclear number 1 is likewise made in atomic reactors. Every tritium molecule has 1 proton and 2 neutrons, which isn't steady, so this type of hydrogen is radioactive. Tritium has a half-existence of 12.32 years.

Campus is quiet

Campus is quiet We’re sitting in my room doing pretty much nothing, because I guess we’re lame, or because there’s not much to do in the first place. It’s a Friday night, but campus is quiet in the summer. My door is open. It’s pretty hot in here, but I’m pretty used to it. There are a few people on the bed and one in my chair, when enter Brenda through the doorway. Brenda is bubbly and sweet and used to live on this floor and is wearing a red dress with white polka dots to match her red (pink?) hair. She acquaints herself with the room. I tell her she should come sit on the bed, if she wants, and that I think her dress is cute. Nick is on the other side of the bed, by the window, and I mention to him and Brenda that I hadn’t been working on my UROP. I say this in a sort of half-jokingly-triumphant way because I had been uninterested in the project for a while, but felt sort of conflicted about whether or not I should do it anyway, because I don’t know… is quitting your summer UROP a thing? is a resume a thing I should care about? is there a good reason I should feel obligated to continue? to which I had settled on “probably not” for each. Brenda applauds this decision; Nick expresses a similar dispassion. Emilio suggests that it might be more interesting to do research than to do nothing, a comment I would think comes from a place of him being very interested in his own work. I know a lot of people who feel this way, but I don’t think I’m one of them yet. To follow this discussion, Brenda raises a thought. She says “you guys, it’s weird to think that this is probably the last period of time where we can just exist as people.” And I think, wait, what? But she continues, and clarifies that she expects the rest of her foreseeable future to be defined by pressing obligations, exams, internships, careers, deadlines… commitments that, in one way or another, limit one’s ability to exist as a person. Emilio says “what, no, it’s definitely not,” and I agree with him that it doesn’t have to be. I’m not sure in reality if it will be or not, though she’s right that it’s weird to think that. ~ The other day I woke up at 10 to say goodbye to my mom and sisters. My two little sisters are fraternal twins who are both two years younger than I am. We had spent the last few days wandering around Cambridge and eating lunch multiple times in a row and generally being cute. A night-shifted sleep schedule makes 10 way too early, so I was still sleepy when they left. I took a shower, did all the normal waking-up things, and erroneously decided I was awake enough to go into Boston to pick up a thing I’d been meaning to buy. Soon after I sat down on the Green Line train, I drifted into sleep. I was the only person left on the train in what you could reasonably classify as the middle of nowhere, way at the end of the line. The driver was telling me to get off, and so I came to my senses, felt silly for a second, then stepped out to see where I was. There was a hospital, I think. A parking lot, the occasional car, a person or two in the distance. Google maps told me it would take 40 minutes if I wanted to walk back, to which I decided “why not.” It was slightly more hot than was comfortable outside, but I guess I’d handled worse. Huh? I didn’t actually hear what he yelled at me. He was the only other person in the vicinity and we were both walking in the same direction from the middle of nowhere to the middle of somewhere and I was mildly afraid of him, because I don’t know, stranger danger. He approached me. I asked him his name. “Fred.” He was shortish, smiley, not dressed super well. He must have been in his late twenties. He told me he regretted that he hadnt taken his education seriously when he was younger because now he had all of these ideas for public transportation innovations that he would never be able to work on. He was instead a landscaper, and he said he felt angry too often. He was waiting for a “catalyst” to change everything in his life, and joked that he might run for office to make history as the first politician with tattoos on his face. I told him I would totally vote for him. After I walked all the way back to where I actually needed to be, I said goodbye and it was nice meeting you and I walked north as he went east. I bought what I wanted, then settled into a nearby café to read about anarchist poetry and literature for a while. I ate a one-scoop cup of their overpriced gelato before I returned to campus to meet some friends for dinner. Harry, the beautiful British ray of sunshine who lives two doors down from me, was visiting for a few days from his internship in DC. We realized the place where we wanted to eat was closed so we ate Mexican food instead and went back to East Campus and lit a massive cockroach on fire. ~ I don’t really know what I want. I don’t always enjoy studying for classes, but I like the feeling of having studied, then seeing in an email a few days later that my score exceeds the average. I like the feeling of concrete accomplishment and the notion that each good grade or resume item might help me do what I want in the future. Not that I’m sure what that is. I like to learn new things. I recently spent a day reading about indigenous cultures, for example, then the next day looking at human intelligence. I’m learning about different philosophies and deciding if they make sense to me. I can read ten hours a day without any class or exam to do it for. I like having silly nonsensical text conversations with my boyfriend. I like when my friends show me videos of terrifying sea worms. I like the feeling of walking along the river and smiling at a passing Labradoodle then considering that the person walking it probably feels neglected, because her dog is getting all the attention, and then awkwardly smiling at her too. I don’t really know. ~ Archana’s family is traditional, but Archana is unconventional. She has a quick wit and vibrant personality and hides a collection of tiny happy phallic decorations when her parents come to visit. Earlier this summer, we were hanging out in my room when I told her I was thinking of getting a septum piercing, you know, in the pursuit of a folk-punk aesthetic. “Oh, I was just talking about that recently with Jessica,” she said, “I was thinking of getting one on my eyebrow. But I’m not sure.” I said “you totally should, cause we could match and be like… a gang.” We went on my laptop to look up nearby piercing parlors and pictures of people with piercings, and I ended up getting mine the following day. I learned in the aftercare brochure that you can’t actually take out jewelry from a facial piercing for several months after getting pierced (something I maybe should have considered beforehand, whoops). Fortunately, if it’s a septum piercing, you can easily hide it if you need to by just flipping the jewelry upwards. I told Archana the thing about not being able to hide most piercings, knowing that her parents wouldn’t approve (my mom, for the record, told me I looked punk). She ended up getting the septum piercing too, and we agreed we were officially twins, or a gang, or both because why not. Some time later, I wrote out a several-thousand word overview of a political philosophy I had been interested in. It wasn’t finished, but it was something like an infusion of my own ideas into the anti-authoritarian leftism that Chomsky writes about. I had spent the past while reading as much as I could about these ideas their criticisms, the assumptions behind them and carefully considering it all. I sent the document to Archana, to whom I had mentioned I was interested in this kind of thing. She wrote me a generously detailed response about what she thought was good, what was unclear, and potential counterarguments I neglected to refute. She then asked if she could send me her own writing; it was a poem about her introspections and family and life. ~ I have a job to pay for housing here this summer. It’s non-academic and non-resume boosting, but it gives me freedom to spend most of my time how I want with the occasional disruption for attending to someone. When I’m asked what I’m doing this summer, I tend to not mention it at all. I would say that this summer I’ve learned about political theory, psychology, and the practice of hypnotism. I’m most of the way through a cute online course in Esperanto where a green cartoon bird cries if you don’t practice every day. I’m trying to develop a more complete personal philosophy, and I think I’m becoming the kind of person who uses the word “fascist” in describing things that aren’t governments. heh heh. I’m spending more time with other people. I’m not naturally the most outgoing person, but I feel very close with the friends that I have. We take trips together, make each other laugh, get the same holes in our faces, and share things that are important to us. I finally made friends with the cat on my floor who used to always run away when I tried to pet him. He’s orange and his face reminds me of a concerned owl. His name is Caboodle.     figure (a)                                          figure (b) ??I think I’ve been very happy lately. ~ The other day Nick and I hung out by the river from one to six-something in the morning. We talked about a wide range of random thoughts, and it was very sweet and wonderful. At one point we were discussing the prospect of grad school. I told him that I still wasn’t sure whether I would rather get straight As or tread more leisurely to enjoy little things along the way. Balance is obviously a thing people do, or try to do, but that simple ideal doesn’t answer these situational dilemmas about whether you should study for 18.03 an extra hour vs. write a poem about your thoughts. Or say, complete a research internship or just spend your time how you like. I got so caught up during the year. Maybe part of it was the vague anxiety of failing college and becoming an angry yard worker, or at least not being able to do the job I want. Definitely a lot of it came from the fact that I wasn’t yet taking classes that interested me (GIRs and stuff), so I would procrastinate too much and provoke the little voice in the back of my mind to whine “staaap enjoying yourself and go work.” It’s not hard to forget how to just be a person with the craziness of this place, sometimes. But its quiet here in the summer.

Understanding Multiple Sclerosis Essay - 2355 Words

Introduction Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that majorly affects the brainand the spinal cord (A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia, 1). The disease affects the central nervous system and thus causes limitations of individuals to carry out various activities. In multiple sclerosis, the myelin sheath that covers nerve cell axon is destroyed causing inflammation (MediResource Inc., 1). Destructionof the membrane leads to slowed conveyance of signals from the spinal cord to the brain, which as a result leads to reduced response to different stimuli. Inflammation of the nerve occurs mostly when the immune cells from the body attack the nervous system. The inflammation is not only limited to the spinal cord, but sometimes extends to†¦show more content†¦According to data from multiple sclerosis foundation, it is estimated that if any of the parents have thedisease the probability of one of their child getting the disease is about 5 % (Healthline 4). Scientists have the belief that the p ersons that are attacked by the diseases are born with a particular gene that is susceptible some unspecified environmental agents. Due to these genes, there is an immune response that is triggered whenever these individuals come into contact with the unspecified environmental agents. Environment, within which an individual lives, is also believed to contribute to the contracting of multiple sclerosis. In countries that are located far away from the equator there are higher chances of individuals suffering from this disease. This observation has been made by epidemiologists who believe that limited amount of vitamin D would be the cause (Healthline 5). People who live further from the equator have less exposure to sunlight, which is believed to be a natural source of vitamin D; and it is known to play part in functioning of the immune system. Since multiple sclerosis is linked to immune system, lack of adequate vitamins D would contribute to the prevalence of the disease in these places far from the equator. The other majorcause of multiple sclerosis is infections, which may be attributed to spread of bacteria or viruses. Inflammation in the nervous system is caused by viruses, which are believed to beShow MoreRelatedMultiple Sclerosis Essay824 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder where the myelin sheath within the Central Nervous System is attacked (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2017). The myelin sheath protects the axon of the nerve cell. When the myelin sheath is intact, the axon is able to carry impulses away from the neuron’s cell body, and the message carried is clear. 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Credibility: Approximately 6 years ago my mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which has progressively gottenRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis Affects More People Than Most Would Think1098 Words   |  5 PagesAwareness and Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis affects more people than most would think. MS is an unpredictable disease that attacks the central nervous system but it is a difficult disease to diagnose due to multiple unknown factors. Each diagnosed case of MS is unique depending upon factors given by the patient. Understanding the different courses of Multiple Sclerosis, early diagnosis and the treatments of the disease all play an important role in bringing awareness of MS. Learning aboutRead MoreEvidence Based Practice Changes By Jean Martin Charcot And Florence Nightingales Era1077 Words   |  5 Pagestoday are fortunate to now have a clinical description and classification of multiple sclerosis. As a result, with new discoveries, nurses continue to create, analyze, and evaluate nursing concepts, philosophies and theories using research-based evidence and clinical expertise (Institute of Medicine, 2001). The new discoveries, quality improvements, and evidence-based care that has changed the course of multiple sclerosis diagnosis, treatment, and care since Jean Martin Charcot and Florence Nightingale’sRead More Multiple Sclerosis Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesMultiple sclerosis, also known as MS, is one of humankind’s most mysterious diseases. No one knows the exact cause and there is no exact treatment. Still multiple sclerosis has the ability to affect nearly 3 million people worldwide and at least 500,000 people in the United States (Boroch). This disease tends to be more common in individuals of northern European descent and women are more than twice as likely to develop multiple sclerosis as men. Of those 3 million people, most of them are between

Case Study on Digital Marketing

The case study on digital marketing is intended to trace specific companys strategies on the way of overcoming its problems in the field of marketing via online resources. This type of the case study typically includes several key parts, specific overview, challenge, strategy, and results. The case study on a digital marketing presents the information in a consistent, clear, and logical manner in order to comprehensively describe the company’s preconditions that ultimately led to an appeared problem, as well as the process of its solution. Overview The Arclight company tends to be a successful and competitive developer in the field of software that is specialized in the service of light maintenance and the production of the lighting equipment. In fact, being relatively young company founded only in 2012, Arclight has already become recognized among over five hundred corporate and private customers in twelve American states. It should be noted that due to the lack of analogical offers in the market, Arclight had very beneficial position to prosper from the very start. At the beginning of 2016, the Arclight’s top management expressed intentions to start the development of software products designed to automatically control lighting perimeters in the U.S. jails. Challenge Despite the fact that the Arclight’s products are deeply integrated into online technologies, Arclight experiences difficulties in an appropriate promotion of its commodity due to a strictly technical direction of production. Potential competitors of Arclight, specifically Shinex and TSG, demonstrated more significant flexibility of searching new customers and potential partners by an effective usage of a social media like LinkedIn. Strategy In order to improve targeting capabilities of the company and capture new market segments, Arclight has decided to utilize LinkedIn advertising as well. In particular, Arclight chose a direction to delve more into a private market segment by initiating a vast campaign implying the promotion of security light systems for private users. It should be noted that Arclight started targeting specific professions and specializations in order to get the attention of an appropriate audience for Arclight’s new product. Once the campaign was launched, Arclight tried almost fifty different designs of LinkedIn ads to choose a specific one that is the most effective. Moreover, customer landing pages were built specifically for LinkedIn users in order to ensure a high conversion rate. Results After the initiation of the campaign, Arclight became able to attract approximately two hundred new private customers with a considerable profit increased to almost 50 percent. In addition, Arclight obtained possibilities to improve online communications with already existing corporate customers by integrating LinkedIn platform to their needs. At the same time, all Arclight’s customers indicated that with the introduction of a new online marketing platform, Arclight began to better address customer feedbacks, what particularly allowed to enhance the quality of products greatly. Nowadays, Arclight occupies a stable leading market position not only in the field of producing an advanced lighting equipment for corporate and governmental facilities, but it also popular in terms of a private security lighting. References Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Isaac, H., Volle, P., Mercanti-GueÃŒ rin, M. (2014). Marketing digital. Montreuil: Pearson. Hall, R. (2009). Brilliant marketing. Harlow, England: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kerin, R., Hartley, S., Rudelius, W. (2009). Marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Peck, D. (2011). Think before you engage. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley Sons. Ryan, D. Jones, C. (2011). The best digital marketing campaigns in the world. London: Kogan Page. Treadaway, C. Smith, M. (2010). Facebook marketing. Indianapolis: Wiley Pub

Was World War One Responsible for Nicholas Ii’s Downfall Free Essays

Emily Hawkins How far do you agree that Nicholas II’s downfall was caused by World War 1? 1914 was a devastating year for many countries of the world, as world war one began to take full effect. But as world war one shook the world; it began to question Nicholas II’s ability to rule Russia. In this essay i will discuss the extent of world war one’s responsibility in Nicholas II’s downfall, and the extent of other contributing factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Was World War One Responsible for Nicholas Ii’s Downfall? or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will argue that Nicholas II’s own traits as a leader were the main reason for his downfall. On the one hand, world war one had a huge impact on the Tsar and his country. Firstly, the cost of the war was placing a huge strain on Russia’s economy. Taxes increased hugely and the cost of living rose by 300%, so in order to try and help the economy through the struggling times of world war one, the government printed more money, making all money worthless. The people of Russia were now struggling even more than they were before the war had begun. Secondly, the Germans were forcing the Russians to retreat and they were therefore losing a lot of land. The impact of the battle of Tannenburg, where 30,000 troops were killed and 95,000 captured had a huge impact on the army’s moral, and by the end of 1916, 2 million soldiers had left the army. The commander in chief shot himself because of how bad the country and the army were doing, and soon after, the Tsar himself took on the role of commander in chief, although he lacked ability and knowledge. Also, the military had a lack of resources, in each regiment in the army; there was one gun per three people; the Tsar was blamed for many of the military downfalls, and this was one of them. The Russian transport system was also facing serious problems, and the ammunitions being made in the factories weren’t getting to the front line. Thirdly, world war one was causing huge food shortages; in Moscow in 1914, Russia was receiving 2200 wagons of grain and by Christmas 1916, the number of carts was down to just 300. This was because of distribution problems; nobody could sort the carts out properly. They were prioritized to the front line, so that the soldiers got the first carts. But after the front line had been sent their grain, there was nobody sorting out the rest of it; there were carts found with bread rotting away, bread that the starving Russian people were missing out on. Although world war one was not the sole reason for Nicholas’ downfall, it did act as a catalyst. It increased the severity of the existing problems that Russia was facing. It also highlighted that the Tsar and the Romanov dynasty was no longer capable of ruling the country and that they didn’t have the support and determination to rule the country through a world war. On the other hand, there were many other reasons that the Tsar’s downfall occurred. Firstly, the strikes and demonstrations in Moscow and Petrograd were causing huge disruption, and when the Tsar tried to return to Petrograd, his train was stopped and he realised that he couldn’t control the protestors; a major sign that he had no control of Russia and its people. Secondly, the revolutionary parties were spreading their radical ideas around the country, and also highlighting the weaknesses of the Romanov dynasty. The Tsar’s downfall was prone because of the amount of opposition that he faced and his loss of support to the other political parties. Parties such as the Bolsheviks, Social Revolutionaries, Mensheviks and Populists educated the peasants and working-class people on the need for a new type of leadership; this encouraged strikes and discontent. Many of the strikes were purely because of the appalling living and working conditions, and for a while, the people united together because of the war, but when the Russian people began to feel the true cost of the war, the protests began to re-occur and more support for the Tsar was lost. Thirdly, because of the troops refusing to shoot at protestors on 25th of February, the army felt no longer obliged to be loyal to the Tsar. As long as the Tsar was not supported by the army, he had no chance of successfully running Russia. The Duma also refused orders to dissolve, and 12 of its members formed a committee that planned to take over Russia; the called themselves ‘The Provisional Government’. The soviets also issued ‘Order number 1’ which demanded that all officers in the army be elected by their men, proving that the Tsar had lost all of his power. Therefore, there were many factors involved in the Tsar’s downfall, such as the political opposition, strikes and the disloyalty of the army and the Duma. Once people started to support the other political parties, they lost all loyalty for the ‘God appointed’ Tsar. The strikes highlighted the weaknesses of the Tsar’s leadership skills and proved that he couldn’t no longer control and rule Russia. The disloyalty of the army and the Duma completely removed all of his power, meaning that Nicholas could no longer be Tsar. I personally believe that Nicholas II was responsible for his own downfall. Although there was definitely contributing factors, his naive attitude and inability to effectively rule a country caused his downfall. Nicholas failed to trust key advisors such as Witte and Stolypin and despite him issuing the October Manifesto; he preserved his own autocratic power through the fundamental laws, which the Russian people didn’t like. He failed to think and plan ahead to create a better future for Russia, he didn’t think like a leader should. Even though the war was already a huge strain on Russia, and on Nicholas, he still felt it necessary to take over the role of commander in chief of the army; although he had no experience or knowledge of the role. He was blamed for many of the army’s failure, and people stopped believing in him. By Christmas 1916, the Russian army were struggling and with Nicholas II as an unqualified leader, poor communications and shortages of food and supplies led to problems and Nicholas was blamed for the 1. million soldiers who died, the 3. 9 million wounded and the 2. 4 million who were now prisoners. As Nicholas was busy trying to incapably run the army, he left his wife in charge of Russia, his wife that nobody liked. As she was German born, the Russian people thought that she was sympathetic to the enemy, and they deeply mistrusted her. The Russian people looked at their leadership and saw the ineffectiveness; they began to look for alternative leaders. Also, people disliked the Tsar, as he took key advice from Rasputin, who was disliked by the population for making many ministerial changes, and they thought that he was having an affair with the Tsarina. Some radical parties began to plot the death of Rasputin as the Russian people looked for alternatives to the Romanov dynasty. Therefore Nicholas was responsible for his own downfall. People began to dislike him after he failed to listen to his key advisors and improve Russia. This was made worse by his inability to share power with the Dumas or any other political opposition. Russian people also hated the fact that Nicholas had taken the role of commander in chief of the army. He was unable to run the country, let alone the army as well. He had almost run Russia into the ground, and then he left it in the hands of someone that none of the population liked or trusted, so that he could take up a role he knew nothing about; which he failed at miserably, letting the country and the army down. Therefore, i believe that Nicholas was responsible for his own downfall. There were many other things to blame though, such as world war one, the disloyalty of the army, and his political opposition. As soon as world war one started, the Russian people began to see that Nicholas was incapable of running Russia and they looked towards the opposition for a way out of the autocratic state they had suffered so long. Once the loyalty of the army was lost, Nicholas had no chance of getting Russia back to how it was 100’s of years before. He knew that his time of autocracy, and the time of the Romanov dynasty was up. How to cite Was World War One Responsible for Nicholas Ii’s Downfall?, Essay examples

Humor was used in the medieval time period to expr Essay Example For Students

Humor was used in the medieval time period to expr Essay ess ones ideas and thoughts. Geoffrey Chaucer also used humor in The Canterbury Tales in different instances. In The Nuns Priest Tale and The Millers Tale I will show you how he uses humor to describe characters, his use of language and the actual events that take place. In the Nuns Priest Tale there is a rooster named Chaunticleer. His name suggests a fine knight or nobleprince. The description of a rooster as a noble prince in courtly love romances is ridiculas and maybe this is what keeps us from taking him to seriously in this story. Nicholas, a clerk or scholar, from The Millers Tale also has a ironic name. His name suggests St. Nicholas from plays about a mysterious guest at the home of evil hosts. In the story, however, its the other way around. In Chaunticleers description Chaucer uses a contrasting humor. The rooster acts as a noble knight or prince when in reality he is only a barnyard animal. The description of the barnyard animals brings an undercut from the courtly love that occurs throughout the tale. The reminds you to think that Chaunticleer and Pertelote are only animals which brings about a hilarious effect. With Nicholas, a lowly clerk, portraying a higher class gentleman when in essence he just wants a sexual pursuit and the meani ng of his name uses an ironic humor to show he is an idiot. With John, the carpenter, Alison, his wife, and Absalom, the priest, in The Millers Tale they also put on airs of being an upper class citizen.. They also bring you back to the basic idea they are common people just putting on a show for each other. The humor in description is very plentiful and Chaucer uses it to interest you in the story. We will write a custom essay on Humor was used in the medieval time period to expr specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Another way Chaucer uses humor in these tales is his choice of language. In The Millers Tale Chaucer uses the word pivetee for Gods secret affairs when John talks to Nicholas in his room. Men sholde nat knowe of Goddes privetee (Oxford, line 346). It appears again in reference not to God but to the affair of Nicholas and Alison. This is a very ironic and funny usage of the language since one is holy and the other is evil. Chaucer uses the language of courtly love and description to point out human desires and weakness. Weakness because the beloved lady has the power of life or death over the lovesick Chaunticleer and/or Nicholas. Chaunticleer would have listened to his dream more if his beloved Pertelote hadnt played down his dream. Nicholas wouldnt have been speared if Alison wouldnt have had teased Absalom at the window. One more way Chaucer uses humor is the actual events or situations themselves. John is easily doped by being naive which leads to his downfall. Nicholas being a scholar in astronomy tells john that he has seen the next Noahs flood and should tie tubs to the roof of the house to beat this. As well that John and Alison should not sleep together because they will be awaiting Gods grace. The joke here is we dont know is Nicholas realizes that God sent Noah the flood because man became corrupt and lecherous. The same sins are causing the phony flood even though the planthis time isnt Gods. Chanticleer is also easily doped by the fox. The fox asks Chaunticleer if he could sing as well as his father did Let see conne ye you fader countirefete? (Oxford, line 166). It is ironic that his downfall is his very pride and joy his voice. An instance where Nicholas tells Alison his plan will work because a clerk can fool a carpenter any day is funny because this class distinction is humorous in the circumstances since all the character are common people even though they are trying to be noble and courtly. The fox also believes that his plan will work and does, even though they are just plain animals in a barnyard, he believes he is superior in thought since he is sly and a sweet talker. But trewely the cuase of my cominge/Was only for the herkne how that

Green Buildings and Sustainability

Introduction With the increasing concern of human activities on global warming, there has been an incredible attention on looking for mechanisms of reducing its impacts on the environment. One of the proposed mechanisms of addressing this challenge is building houses that are environmental friendly called green buildings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Buildings and Sustainability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technically, green buildings refer to â€Å"structures designed using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout the building’s life-cycle: from sitting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition† (Kats et al. 12). To achieve this state, it is desirable that there exists close cooperation between architects, various engineers, design teams, and clients in all stages of execution of commercial real estates’ building projects. This paper scrutinizes the characteristics that need to be possessed by a building for it to qualify as green coupled with questioning the capacity of the green movements across the globe to prescribe the construction of purely green commercial real estates. Environmental Impacts One of the central concerns of putting up green buildings is to help mitigate the environmental impacts associated with conventional buildings. However, in the process of building any house, there is always some extent of the natural environment disorientations and interference. This implies that the greenest building is the one that has not been built at all. Additionally, a building occupies a space that was originally occupied by other natural systems. Therefore, even if the process of the building does not degrade the environment by interfering with the ground structure, space is consumed. This has the impact of making most buildings fail to comply with the requirement that they make use of a small space. Furthermore, green buildings need not to contribute to sprawling, which is the tendency of structures to spread in a manner that does not follow any fashion (Kats et al. 12).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These three rules for any green building are significant since the overall goal of going green in the development of commercial real estate pegged on the idea that people must put in place strategies for ensuring that energy absorption or release to the environment is kept minimal. In fact, International Energy Agency estimates that above 40 percent of the total global energy consumption is due to the buildings (Pushkar, Becker, and Katz 98). Buildings are also responsible for the 24 percent of the global carbon dioxide emissions (Pushkar, Becker, and Katz 98). Therefore, it is possible to manage the impacts of global warming due to environmental d egradation by controlling further development of ways of building real estates and shifting towards focusing on going the green way in building and construction. The only worry is whether this technology is sustainable and readily embraceable by all nations across the globe. Efficiency of Materials Building a green commercial estate calls for no extraction of materials from the environment particularly the ones, which are not renewable. Some of the materials that blend well with the concern are renewable materials obtained from plants such as straws, bamboo, recyclable stones and metals, sheep wool, paper flakes made panels, clay, non-toxic material, cork, and compressed blocks made from soil amongst others. To comply with the concerns of green building technology, it is prescribed that all materials that require processing such as earth blocks be processed right on the site where they are to be used to ensure that no energy is utilized in the transportation of the finished products . The mechanism of processing is also to be selected such that no fossil fuels, any other forms of non-renewable source of energy, or any sources of energy that would go into destroying or destabilizing the environment or the natural flora and fauna are utilized. However, utilizing high efficiency materials seem to be a subtle mechanism of ensuring that materials for the building will never end. Therefore, it is crucial to note that some impacts are produced on the environment while using these materials. For instance, when soil is dug for making earth blocks purposed for building green commercial real estates, the environment is affected in one way or another since earth crust is disturbed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Buildings and Sustainability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This outcome is not desired for a purely green building. Arguably, this qualifies as one of the reasons why it is incredibly difficult to sustain construction of 100% green buildings. In some situations, it is necessary that off-site manufacturing be done. This strategy is indispensable when it is desired to â€Å"maximize benefits of off-site manufacture including minimizing waste, maximizing recycling, high quality elements, better OHS management, and less noise and dust† (Kats et al. 57). This requirement makes green technology for building real estate problematic in that structures cannot be wholly manufactured off-site. Some form of joining is necessary. Some of the joinery processes used often lead to releasing some foreign matters to the environment to which green movement is largely opposed. Apparently, it is impractical to construct a whole earth block building off-site and then take it to the desired final site. This argument does not imply that measures should not be deployed to ensure observance of efficiency of materials. Rather, the point is that green techniques should focus on real istic things that are achievable within the spheres of existing building technology. For instance, it is acceptable here that scholars have proved that buildings play central roles in hiking the rates of global warming. Consequently, one of the mechanisms of reducing these impacts would be deployment of realistic green global warming reduction strategies such as utilization of greener forms of energy such as solar and wind energy in lighting and heating. This argument leads to the next characteristic of green buildings: energy efficiency. Energy Efficiency Green real estate deserves to be energy sufficient, energy efficient, and self-sustaining. This means that green commercial real estates require a high capacity to reduce energy consumption rates in terms of operating the energy required to power equipment and heat. In this end, the green movement prescribes the usage of materials, which have a low embodied energy in the construction of green buildings. Such materials include wood . Therefore, since steel has a high embodied energy, it is not a preferred green building material. Unfortunately, green buildings require that the materials used be highly recyclable. Steel perhaps fits well in this category of materials.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, although wood may be replenished, the rate at which forests are disappearing is alarming to the extent that many countries have resorted to restrictions of felling of some species of trees, which are under threat of extinction. Therefore, based on the needs to use materials with low embodied energy, green technology’s applicability in the development of commercially viable real estate encounters some drawbacks. However, amid the position taken above, other concerns of green building are realizable. For instance, it is practical to build a house that has a low operating energy. For instance, houses without air leakages can be designed and constructed successfully. This result is accomplished through constructing double-walled houses with the space between the two walls being airtight. The design incredibly aids in reducing total energy loss from the interior of the house so that minimal heating is required especially during cold weather. In addition, high pe rformance windows coupled with ceilings, floors, and walls that have extra insulation are commercially viable to make. Other practical strategies include proper designing of houses to take full advantage of natural lighting so that the necessity of electrical lighting is minimized. Solar heating may also act as an additional means of electricity cost reduction. Arguably, even though on-site power generation encompasses one of the most expensive features to install in a building, biomass, solar, wind, and hydropower remain as some of the most practical and viable ways of mitigating the environmental effects of commercial real estates. Water Efficiency One of the biggest challenges of the commercial real estates is the emission of dirty water into the environment. As argued before, since the main concern of green building is to minimize environmental impacts of buildings, the question of water quality and efficiency of its usage in commercial estates comes out conspicuous under the gr een building technology in relation to the development of commercial real estates. In this extent, Pushkar, Becker, and Katz reckon, â€Å"reducing water consumption and protecting water quality are key objectives in sustainable buildings† (104). Nevertheless, it is also vital to note that green buildings emphasize that resources should not be utilized at a rate that supersedes their rate of replenishment. Unfortunately, the practical scenario in many commercial estates is that aquifer’s waters are used at a higher rate than it is actually possible to replenish. Therefore, reliability on aquifer water to feed commercial estates does not encompass a measure of going the green way of building. For this reason, it is desirable that green commercial estates, if at all they are practical and possible to realize, have their water supplies from on-site harvested, recycled, and purified water. One crucial drawback of these approaches is that some of the methods of water purifi cation such as desalination utilize a large amount of energy, which in many nations is currently obtained through nuclear power generation. In this sense, in terms of providing reliable sources of water, it sounds imperative to infer that it is somewhat impossible to develop a purely green commercial estate since production of energy to desalinate water would lead to disposal of remnants of the nuclear reactions (nuclear waste) into the environment. This is highly not supported by the ideals of green buildings. The question that is left unaddressed by the green movements is that- is it possible to generate large amounts of energy to purify water for supplying to commercial estates through renewable means of power generation? Pay Offs and Costs Many opponents of green buildings cite cost of building as one of the main disadvantages of developing green commercial estates. For instance, according to Pushkar, Becker, and Katz, â€Å"Photo-voltaic, new appliances, and modern technologie s tend to cost more money† (110). However, in the long turn, green buildings can help to save lots of money. For instance, Pushkar, Becker, and Katz approximate that $130 billion can be saved by different sectors in the US on bills of energy. They further argue, â€Å"Studies have shown that some green buildings have yielded $53 to $71 per square foot back on investment over a 20 year life period† (Pushkar, Becker, and Katz 112). To the commercial real estate’s developers, this implies larger returns on investments in the long-term basis. Additionally, green buildings attract higher occupancy rates, higher selling prices, and reduced rates of capitalizations. This suggests that investments in commercial estates that are green introduce lower risks of investments. Arguably, amid the challenges of realizing a purely green building, this benefit provides substantive grounds for sustainability and attractiveness of green buildings particularly in the commercial real estate’s sector. Conclusion In the attempt to resolve a myriad of challenges emanating from waste disposal and excessive release or absorption of energy from the environment, this paper has argued that many organizations across the globe are advocating for a change of the manner in which people do things such as building. The focus is towards building green buildings. Such buildings are designed to consume less energy in lighting and heating, less water, as well as emitting less green house gasses besides providing their occupants with an environment that is healthy. They support harvesting of rainwater. They are built using recyclable materials. Amid these benefits of green buildings in comparison with conventional buildings, the paper maintains that building purely green commercial estates is problematic. However, bearing in mind the long-term cost benefits and investment risks accruing from building â€Å"green† commercial real estates, such estates prove sustainabl e in the long-term. Works Cited Kats, Greg, Leon Alevantis, and Mills Adam. The Cost and Financial Benefits of Green Buildings. New Jersey, NJ: Princeton, 2003. Print. Pushkar, Susan, Richard Becker, and Arthur Katz. â€Å"Methodology for Design of Environmentally Optimal Buildings by Variable Grouping.† Building and Environment 40.3(2005): 97-112. Print. This essay on Green Buildings and Sustainability was written and submitted by user Raquel Wilder to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Eal School Systems and Policies for Meeting the Needs of Children with Eal and or Black and Minority Pupils Essays

Eal School Systems and Policies for Meeting the Needs of Children with Eal and or Black and Minority Pupils Essays Eal School Systems and Policies for Meeting the Needs of Children with Eal and or Black and Minority Pupils Essay Eal School Systems and Policies for Meeting the Needs of Children with Eal and or Black and Minority Pupils Essay Essay Topic: Middle School EAL TASK 1 (Q13) School systems and policies for meeting the needs of children with EAL and/or Black and Minority Ethnic pupils What are the needs in this school regarding EAL and ethnic minority achievement? Middle Row Primary School has a population of 39% pupils who are bilingual. A total number of 21 different languages are spoken throughout the school. According to the Race Equality Policy, 57% of the pupils have English as an additional language. The school has a majority of the ethnic minority as stated below: 17% Mixed White/Caribbean Moroccan – 15% Black Caribbean – 12% Somali – 11% White British – 11% What written policies are there about the school’s approach? The school has a general EMA policy which highlights the school aims in regards to the needs of EAL children. According to the policy the school employs a full time teacher funded by the Language Development Service other than 2 teachers which are funded by the school. In reali ty there is one full time EAL teacher. There is also a section in this policy on new arrivals to the school where it states that the school ‘ runs an induction programme for pupils at the very early stages of learning English. Furthermore, in terms of learning and teaching, the EMA policy acknowledges the large number of pupils which qualify for EAL support, therefore it prioritises its support offered. The EAL teacher liaises with the class teacher in terms of the child’s assessment and development. The school also has a Race Equality Policy to ensure the school/staff fulfils its obligation under the Race Relation Act 1976 [amended 2000]. What are your school’s procedures for raising the standards of BME children and/or children with EAL – are there any particular support programme, strategies or resources used? Middle Row uses the RBKC’s assessment forms for children with EAL needs. This is practiced twice a year by the school staff. Other than this, the EMA teacher and the class teacher also assess children each term. Target levels are than set for the child to achieve by the end of next term. The assessment includes speaking and listening, reading and writing skills test for literacy. What support is available for children at the whole school and classroom level for both groups? The EMA teacher not only works alongside with the Class teacher during sessions or can arrange one to one sessions depending on the class timetable. Due to shortage of staff it becomes impossible to extend support to each and every EAL child present in the school. Support is still provided to the best of ability. How are parents involved and what systems exist for developing home-school relationship? In autumn term (Nov ’09) MRPS in coordination with the RBKC arranged a session for the parents of EAL children. Many parents attended the session, which was mainly focused on the importance of home languages. The school is working towards involving the parents and having more sessions on developing home-school relationships. In the past there have been sessions on parent child reading in the classroom which was quite a success. Find out how it uses local and national data to inform its practice. Are there any particular groups that are targeted for support? The school prioritizes in providing support to beginner levels of EAL children. So far, the school haven’t categorised any particular target group as the main focus stays with children who are new in the country or the ones with little or no English language at all. In what ways have the children’s knowledge and experiences been taken into ccount in curriculum content? The Friday assemblies are a main feature which highlights different cultures and traditions. The children can relate to these assemblies as the parents of children performing are invited to watch the assembly. Awareness is spread about issues like racism and bullying. When planning sessions, teachers do tend to keep interest of the child’s knowledge and experiences and try and make a relation from the curriculum point of view. What place do first languages and culture have in the school and classroom? Does it promote pluralingualism? First languages are not spoken as commonly probably because English is the main language spoken. Spanish is a popular language in the school because of the presence of specialist Spanish staff. Lessons are delivered every week in Spanish and children tend to enjoy these sessions. The school does promote pluralingualism as the school staffs cherish children who speak other languages. Display posters, dual language books are available in the school but not put into much use as one would imagine.

Green Building and Sustainable construction Essay

Green Building and Sustainable construction - Essay Example Some of the methods used to address the environmental sustainability of a structure involve recycle and reuse of materials, ensuring the building uses renewable energy source or employs energy and water saving methods. Besides the accessibility of the building, can make be used to gauge whether the building is environmental friendly? Buildings, which are far away from transport network, can be considered less environmental friendly. Sustainable construction involves use of environmental friendly materials for construction. Use of wood from trees, which have been certified by the United States Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is one way of promoting sustainable construction. FSC ensures the trees which are used for construction purpose are replaced and the existing biodiversity is not affected by cutting down of a particular tree. Sustainable construction also involves the use of renewable materials which can be recycled or reused. While promoting sustainable construction additional materials, which may not be renewable in nature, are used. The purpose of using such materials is to improve the overall performance of the building. A good example is use of plastic to insulate buildings; here plastic is used because of its availability and energy saving nature. Use of locally available materials is an economical way of saving on cost and reducing pollution of the environment. Transporting materials from another place would require use of means e.g. trains; heavy trucks which would definitely pollute the environment. When a building use available energy effectively, it is economically and environmentally sustainable. Measures to ensure such state is achieved included use of insulate which prevents loss of heat, use of glass windows on most part of the building to promote natural light penetration thus save on lighting and heating. Ensuring the lighting and appliances within the building are

Genentech's move to restrict the use of its drug Avastin, its Cancer Essay

Genentech's move to restrict the use of its drug Avastin, its Cancer Drug, by ophthalmologists on Eye - Essay Example in disallowing physicians and pharmacists from obtaining Avastin from wholesale distributors1, there are still questions pertaining to the motives which need clarification. Why do they have to restrict the distribution of Avastin for off-label use? Why did they have to refuse the proposal of the American Ophthalmologist Community to conduct a comparative study between Avastin and Lucentis in AMD? What are their motives in doing this decision? We cannot hastily justify, so we are not yet certain whether they are just protecting their own financial interests, or there might be other reasons behind this decision which necessitates such action. Even though the FDA approved the use of Avastin not for ophthalmic use, there is no issue of legality should physicians use the drug other than its recommended indication2, when the physician believe it to be appropriate, under his own risks of doing a medical malpractice3. Due to the drug’s anti-angiogenesis property, it was being used by physicians in treating various eye disorders precipitated by the leak caused by the blood vessels in the eye causing detachment of the retina4. The studies regarding the use of Avastin in eye disorders thru Pubmed search (limited to clinical trials and RCT and published within 3 years) reveals positive beneficial effects, yet requiring further long-term clinical studies. An attempt to investigate the long-term comparison between the two drugs was still on-going, yet an early result of the prospective randomized controlled trial reveals no difference between Avastin and Lucentis in effectiveness for choroidal neovascularizaton secondary to AMD5. Genentech’s decision to allow or suppress the availability of Avastin to the market may have legal implications that would threaten the company. The FDA approves the indication for the drugs after undergoing extensive research, toxicological assessments and clinical trials6. However, using the drugs beyond its indicated use, called

Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle Engineering Essay

Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle Engineering Essay A compressor is a mechanical device that used increases the pressure of a compressible fluid. The inlet pressure level can be any value from a deep vacuum to a high positive pressure. The discharge pressure can range from sub-atmospheric levels to high values in tens of thousands of pounds per square inch. The inlet and outlet pressure are related, corresponding with the type of compressor ant its configuration. Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. The fluid can be any compressible fluid, either gas or vapor, and can have a wide molecular weight range, that are from 2 for hydrogen to 352 for uranium hexafluoride. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas. Liquids are relatively incompressible, so the main action of a pump is to pressurize and transport liquids. Applications of compressed gas vary from consumer products, such as the home refrigerator, to large complex p etrochemical plant installations. A vapor compression refrigeration system uses a refrigerant sealed in an airtight and leak proof mechanism. The refrigerant is circulated through the system and it undergoes a no of changes in its state while passing through various components of the system. Each such change in the state of vapor is called a process. The process of repetition of a similar order of operation is called a cycle. The compression cycle is given this name because it is the compression of the refrigerant by the compressor which permits transfer of heat energy. The refrigerant absorbs that from one place and releases it to another place. In other words the compressor is used to put the heat laden refrigerant vapor in such a condition that it may dispute the heat it absorbed at low pressure from the refrigerated space, to an easily available cooling medium. Oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical processing plants, and natural gas processing plants are among the many types of industrial plants that often u tilize large vapor-compression refrigeration systems. 2.1 Description of Vapor Compression System Most of the modern refrigerators work on this cycle. In its simplest form there are four fundamental operations require to complete one cycle. Compressor The low pressure vapor in dry state is drawn from the evaporator during the suction stroke of the compressor. During compression stroke the pressure and temperature increase until vapor temperature is greater than the temperature of condenser cooling medium. Condenser When the high pressure refrigerant vapor enters the condenser heat flows from condenser to cooling medium thus allowing the vaporized refrigerant to return to liquid state. Expansion Valve After condenser the liquid refrigerant is stored in the liquid receiver until needed. From the receiver it passes through an expansion valve where the pressure is reduced sufficiently to allow the vaporization of liquid a low temperature of about -10C. Evaporator The low pressure refrigerant vapor after expansion in the expansion valve enters the evaporator or refrigerated space where a considerable amount of heat is absorbed by it and refrigeration is furnished. The schematic diagram of the arrangement is as shown in Figure 2.1 below. The low temperature, low pressure vapor at state B is compressed by a compressor to high temperature and pressure vapor at state C. This vapor is condensed into high pressure vapor at state D in the condenser and then passes through the expansion valve. Here, the vapor is throttled down to a low pressure liquid and passed on to an evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the surroundings from the circulating fluid (being refrigerated) and vaporizes into low pressure vapor at state B. The cycle then repeats. B D C A Figure 2.1: Simple Vapor Compression System. The exchange of energy is as follows: Compressor requires work, w. The work is supplied to the system from the surroundings During condensation, heat Q1 the equivalent of latent heat of condensation etc, is lost from the refrigerator. During evaporation, heat Q2 equivalent to latent heat of vaporization is absorbed by the refrigerant. There is no exchange of heat during throttling process through the expansion valve as this process occurs at constant enthalpy. 2.2 Simple Vapor Compression Cycle Figure 2.2 below shows the simple vapor compression cycle: Figure 2.2: Simple Vapor Compression Cycle Process 1-2: The refrigerant as a mixture of liquid and vapour corresponding to state point 1 enters the compressor where isentropic compression takes place. The compression process increases the temperature of refrigerant from lower limit T2 to the upper limit Tl. Work is supplied to the system and after compression, the vapour is wet or saturated but not superheated. Process 2-3: The refrigerant in the form of vapour enters the condenser at state 2 and heat is rejected at constant pressure and temperature. At exit from the condenser, the refrigerant becomes saturated liquid at state point 3. Process 3-4: The refrigerant at state point 3 enters the expansion cylinder expands isentropic ally and its temperature drops to lower temperature T2 at the end of the expansion process. Work is obtained during the expansion process. Process 4-1: The liquid refrigerant at point 4 enters the evaporator and extracts heat at constant pressure and temperature from the space or substance being cooled and thus produces refrigerating effect. 2.3 Refrigeration Refrigeration may be defined as lowering the temperature of an enclosed space by removing heat from that space and transferring it elsewhere. A device that performs this function may also be called a heat pump. Freon is a trade name for a family of haloalkane refrigerants manufactured by DuPont and other companies. These refrigerants were commonly used due to their superior stability and safety properties: they were not flammable nor obviously toxic as were the fluids they replaced, such as sulfur dioxide. Newer refrigerants that have reduced ozone depletion effect include HCFCs (R-22, used in most homes today) and HFCs (R-134a, used in most cars) have replaced most CFC use. HCFCs in turn are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol and replaced by hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), such as R-410A, which lack chlorine. However, CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs all have large global warming potential. Newer refrigerants are currently the subject of research, such as supercritical carbon dioxide, known as R-744.[4] These have similar efficiencies compared to existing CFC and HFC based compounds, and have many orders of magnitude lower global warming potential. 3.0 TYPES OF COMPRESSORS 3.1 Centrifugal Compressor Centrifugal compressors use a rotating disk or impeller in a shaped housing to force the gas to the rim of the impeller, increasing the velocity of the gas. A diffuser (divergent duct) section converts the velocity energy to pressure energy. They are primarily used for continuous, stationary service in industries such as oil refineries, chemical and petrochemical plants and natural gas processing plants. Their application can be from 100ÂÂ  horsepower (75ÂÂ  kW) to thousands of horsepower. With multiple staging, they can achieve extremely high output pressures greater than 10,000ÂÂ  psi (69ÂÂ  MPa). Many large snowmaking operations (like ski resorts) use this type of compressor. They are also used in internal combustion engines as superchargers and turbochargers. Centrifugal compressors are used in small gas turbine engines or as the final compression stage of medium sized gas turbines. 3.2 Axial Flow Compressor Axial-flow compressors are dynamic rotating compressors that use arrays of fan-like airfoils to progressively compress the working fluid. They are used where there is a requirement for a high flow rate or a compact design. The arrays of airfoils are set in rows, usually as pairs: one rotating and one stationary. The rotating airfoils, also known as blades or rotors, accelerate the fluid. The stationary airfoils, also known as stators or vanes, decelerate and redirect the flow direction of the fluid, preparing it for the rotor blades of the next stage. Axial compressors are almost always multi-staged, with the cross-sectional area of the gas passage diminishing along the compressor to maintain an optimum axial Mach number. Beyond about 5 stages or a 4:1 design pressure ratio, variable geometry is normally used to improve operation.Axial compressors can have high efficiencies; around 90% polytropic at their design conditions. However, they are relatively expensive, requiring a large number of components, tight tolerances and high quality materials. Axial-flow compressors can be found in medium to large gas turbine engines, in natural gas pumping stations, and within certain chemical plants. 4.0 APPLICATION OF COMPRESSORS Gas compressors are used in various applications where either higher pressures or lower volumes of gas are needed: Pipeline transport of purified natural gas To move the gas from the production site to the consumer, or the transportation of goods through a pipe. Most commonly, liquid and gases are sent, but pneumatic tubes that transport solid capsules using compressed air have also been used. Often, the compressor in this application is driven by a gas turbine which is fueled by gas bled from the pipeline. Thus, no external power source is necessary. Plants and refineries Petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical and chemical plants, and similar large industrial plants for compressing intermediate and end product gases. Refrigeration and air conditioner equipment To move heat from one place to another in refrigerant cycles: see Vapor-compression refrigeration. Gas turbine systems To compress the intake combustion air Commercial industry Storing purified or manufactured gases in a small volume, high pressure cylinders for medical, welding and other uses. Cylinder SCUBA diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy and other life support devices to store breathing gas in a small volume such as in diving cylinders. Many various industrial, manufacturing and building processes to power all types of pneumatic tools.

A need for old age homes in modern times Essay

It’s a shameful state of affairs that there has arisen a need for old age homes in modern times. Why do we need these homes? Why are we considering our older relatives as a burden on us? Not too long ago we used to have a strong joint family system. It was an unquestioned norm of the society to take care if of the elderly. It was considered an honour and a blessing. Sadly, joint families have become relics of the past. In this nuclear age, old people are considered a liability. Time is money. And time and money determine our priorities today. Why are old age homes a symbol of societal ingratitude? Obviously, the absence of near and dear ones and the lack of their love and affection are the causes. Definitely, old age homes stand out as sore thumbs in the society, symbolic of our negligence towards our aged parents. As Thomas Merton, a catholic author rightly said, ‘These people, who live the evening of their lives in old age homes live unloved and die unmourned. Death comes to them as a great reliever.’ Are we not negating the role they have played in catapulting us to what we are today? Can we be so mean and selfish? Do we ever realise how priceless senior citizens are to the nation because of their wide experience and wisdom? How can we overlook their sad forlorn faces and concentrate on our triumphs? Don’t you remember all those countless hurdles and sleepless nights they have faced? So why don’t we make a fresh start? Let’s work together to weave a web of love and compassion to shelter our elders who have been torch lights of guidance all their lives for us. The elderly of the world today are more in need of love, kindness, safety and comfort from their own children and family members than that coming from a stranger. They can do without the amenities and/or luxuries that any OLD AGE HOME, SANITARIUM or GERIATRIC HOSPITAL WARD can give them. You might very well be paying a high price to keep a domestic helper or cook for your elderly parent(s) or grand-parent(s) – but that is not what the elderly  really WANT. They need the aid of a helper in their daily lives, it is true – but it is for a smile, a kind, polite word, attention and love that they really crave for. They crave for somebody who will talk to them and laugh with them – people who will stay by their side when the darkness of night falls and the fear of dying alone creeps in. Whether you want to believe it or not, old people crave for a TRUE AND LOYAL FRIEND. An emotional and moral â€Å"SUPPORT SYSTEM† that comes from one’s own loving and ca ring family members has more curative value in the longer run than all the allopathic drugs and medicines put together. now a days our Indian society is intensely influenced by the western world.. & we have become obsessed with money so that we are gradually losing our morality. †¨its time to realise that Aged parents are like children. & we should take care of them†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¨finally i wanna say 1 thing that†¨WHATEVER WE GIVE IN THE PRESENT ONLY WE WILL GET IN THE FUTURE†¦.!!!†¨so it is preferable if possible and the children are willing to look after you. in case the children are not favourable then it is preferred to live in a good old age home who can take care of of you till your death. but the people who do not have their children then the preference is to live in old age home only old people are big support for the family. bcz they are our base and having better experinces den new age people. and bcz old age people we r kwn in the society.and they r the strength of the family. so don’t let dem to old age home keep them in family bcz in this age they need family support and care†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. well according to me everyone has right to live with their family happily †¦.. to days people are trying to avoid their responsibility †¦ they think old parents are only burden†¦there is no use of them†¦but i think if you got saperate by your old parents ..send them old age home.. then you are the next one who will suffer the same problem†¦. Can not agree with your view even with best effort. Did our parents think the same way when they spared time, attention and energy for us? The answer is no. If our parents could find time for us, surely we as well, can think the same way both for our children and parents. Provide quality time as also while we need to pay back even if it is at the cost of a few promotions less in job or making less money in other vocations. Being competitive was very much known to our parents as well and so was the rat-race, yet if they avoided we must appreciate that gesture. Of course few from â€Å"Rat-race† may realize of this being a differentiating factors to be called Human. my opinion Parents make great sacrifices for the care of their children. Day after day, parents protect their children from danger, attend to their cries, and reassure them after a bad dream. Parents give up necessities for their children everyday†¦.But when the children grown up and if they reach better postion in the society, they are forgetting their own parents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦I cant able to undersatnd, how they(children) can forget their past lifehow they can avoid their own parents in their lifeIs it Good? that it’s shamefull that we have to discuss this matter as we are forgetting our culture which tell us that mother father are god in the world . I agree with your views that parents must be kept with us if required we can keep servent to tocare for them in our absence and after coming from work we can spend some time with them .This much will keep them happy . Our parents are taking too many difficulties or we can say they are sacrificing for the welfare of their children. Hence it should not be the right thing to leave them in the oldage homes. It is the duty of every one to keep their old age parents with them and should be taken care by their children. In case the old age parents are left in the homes by you, which will be watched by your own children and tomorrow you will meet the same thing by your children. Whether elderly people should live with their children and grandchildren or  in retirement homes depends on their personal choice and the circumstances in which they have been living till then.I personally feel elderly people must live with their children and grand children.†¨ The chief reason for my view is old people are like infants who need constant care and attention.Most of them have some or the other medical conditions which may require assistance from people around.Some people may or may not be financially sound to live in retirement homes.Above all,it is the primary duty of the children to take care of their parents at such an age For example,In India most of the parents live with their children in their older age.This develops bond between different generations and bridges the gap between them.Younger generation can learn a lot from the older generation where as older generation can know about the progress which the newer generations are making. Moreover living with the family creates a sense of security and warmth which might be lacking in any other type of residences.Finally,living with the family would be a better option. They did not ponder much about lack of privacy whenever we barged into their romantic rendezvous. They did it all for Us! Is this how we pay back? By dumping them in old age homes? i know Okay, times have changed. Now, both parents might have to work to run the home. Maybe, we don’t want to miss out on our promotions. After all, the money from that promotion will also be used to give parents a ‘better old age home!!’ And now-a-days, old age homes are all spruced up like hotels with all facilities including medicine and entertainment readily available. Fine, but pray tell me, if we have the time to party, if we have the time to watch television can we not find a little time for our parents at home? Is it too much to ask for? Old age homes may provide all material requirements but surely, we are wise enough( or are we?!) to understand that an old age home cannot fill in the vacuum of love and affection that only a family can provide. Even if we call them every other day, can the phone call fulfill the anticipations and expectation that a parent has to meet his/her son or/and daughter? Come on friend , I am telling you a little story † one day my friend’s father made a little mistake then my friend shout on them.. his father replied , son , when you were small (child) you made lot of errors but i never rebuked on you , you did several mistake but i always tried to show  you good manner to do that task. but today , when i am getting sick , my memory and body is not supporting me , you are not doing the same as what i did in past for you . Friends they are treasure for us, with lot of experience of life, with lot of love, with lot of honor . don’t loo se you wealth , they are root of your life , without root , you will not be strong and steady. I believe that they should live in family and with family.I believe that whatever we do we do it for our family.If we can manage our small kids who also want special care why not our parents.We dont send them to some other kid care center then why there is problem with parents.If one can afford them to old age home then it could also be managed, care and attention could also be provided at our home by arranging some professionals who will come to home and take care of them.Definitely it cost higher but I think they deserve it.They don’t need money,they need family and want to die in front of there loved one rather than some unknown professional. We should understand that no matter how high we rise in our life but we are in life because of them and we should help them to get the LOVE,RESPECT that they deserve. Here I want to post something that i recently gone through. Today I’m sharing something that is very close to us & also very true. We all go through this †¦plz read through†¦ At 4 Years†¨ My daddy is great.†¨ †¨ At 6 Years†¨ My daddy knows everybody.†¨ †¨ At 10 Years†¨ My daddy is good but is short tempered†¨ †¨ At 12 Years†¨ My daddy was very nice to me when I was young.†¨ †¨ At 14 Years†¨ My daddy is getting fastidious.†¨ †¨ At 16 Years†¨ My daddy is not in line with the current times.†¨ †¨ At 18 Years†¨ My daddy is becoming increasingly cranky.†¨ †¨ At 20 Years†¨ Oh! It’s becoming difficult to tolerate daddy. Wonder how Mother puts up†¨ with him.†¨ †¨ At 25 Years†¨ Daddy is objecting to everything.†¨ †¨ At 30 Years†¨ it’s becoming difficult to manage my son. I was so scared of my father†¨ when I was young.†¨ †¨ At 40 Years†¨ Daddy brought me up with so much discipline. Even I should do the same.†¨ †¨ At 45 Years†¨ I am baffled as to how my daddy brought us up.â € ¨ †¨ At 50 Years†¨ My daddy faced so many hardships to bring us up. I am unable to manage†¨ A Single son.†¨ †¨ At 55 Years†¨ My daddy was so far  sighted and planned so many things for us. He is†¨ one of his kind and unique.†¨ †¨ At 60 Years†¨ My daddy is great.†¨ †¨ Thus, it took 56 years to complete the cycle and come back to the 1st. Stage. Realize the true value of your parents before it’s too late†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Bye the way I want to thank the owner of this debate and to Disha.who gave me an opportunity to take part in this debate I don’t think people have time today even to take care of their own parents, I mean they are busy running behind money and creating better future for themselves but are forgetting who provided a better future for them in the first place, and even parents at times think that they don’t want to be a burden on their children and they themselves at times get registered to these oldage homes, as they are seeing whats happening infront of them and they dont want to be let down by their own kids infront of others I strongly feel that older people should spend rest of their lives with their children because there are some things that money can’t buy especially â€Å"LOVE†. Old age especially demands affection. Children are brought up by their parents since they are too young. Especially in a society to which I belong, Technology-integration in Old Age Homes in India A Status Paper Sugan Bhatia, Ph.D. President Indian University Association for Continuing Education Delhi 1.1 The elderly (aged 60 years and above) in India account for more than 9 percent of the total population. The National Population Commission estimated that the population of the elderly is expected to grow from 71 million in 2001 to 173 million in 2026. This demographic scenario appears to indicate a very precarious condition for the older persons in terms of their capability to enjoy the right to life with dignity. While those in the age group 60-69 years could be expected to lead a fairly healthy life and offer their services as volunteers for informal care giving to others in the two higher age groups, both the 70-79 years age group and the 80 + years age group would require critical social and medical healthcare support – both  informal care giving and formal care giving. 1.2 The growing incidence of elder abuse and severe fissures in the multigenerational family or household has forced many older persons to abandon their family home; some of them have also been â€Å"pushed out† and have thus been left shelter-less. Most urban areas appear to have a growing incidence of cases of abandoned elderly. A new culture of â€Å"peer group participation† being attempted by the old persons appears to be taking roots in many parts of urban India; Old Age Homes of various types are rapidly becoming a choice for many â€Å"abandoned†, â€Å"left out† or â€Å"neglected† old persons with or without survival resources. 1.3 The vision of â€Å"alternate shelter† for older persons, as enunciated in both national and global policy frameworks, includes Group housing for older persons, No physical barriers to mobility, Health care and nutritional support, Development of age-integrated communities, Recreation services, Age-friend ly, easy and safe accessibility to shopping complexes, community centers, parks and other services, and Provision of ramps†¦

Disney vs. Imane Boudlal Essay

Disneyland vs. Imane Boudlal HISTORY Disneyland is very large 160 acre amusement park located in Anaheim CA. Disneyland was created by Walt Disney on July 17, 1955, Walt Disney wanted to create a magical place where parents with children could go to the same place and have just as much fun as their children. Walt Disney had the vision that he wanted Disneyland to be like a fantasy land where dreams could come to life. Disneyland is a 17. 5 million dollar magic kingdom. Even though the park was a very expensive project, â€Å"I could never convince the financiers that Disneyland was feasible, because dreams offer too little collateral† said Walt Disney. Since Disney was a very expensive project, Walt Disney had some support from his own television show on ABC; it was called Walt Disney’s Disneyland. The TV series offered sneak peeks about the future Disneyland project before it was even finished. It took a full year of hard work to finish the project. Disneyland is well-known for having a strict employee dress code called â€Å"the Disney look†. This dress code was introduced to new employees in 1955 prior to the amusement park opening. Disneyland also calls their employees â€Å"cast members† in order to keep the magical theme going. The Disney look has changed over time, but yet also remained true to offering wholesome family entertainment in one of the world’s top vacation destination. To work at Disneyland, the potential cast member must first agree and understand the policy prior to being hired.

Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses - 1022 Words

Reflection Essay Introduction With the long-term goal of becoming a transformational leader, it is often useful to consider ones strengths and weak nesses across four dimensions. These include personal and professional accountability, career planning, personal journey disciplines and reflect practice reference behaviors and tenets. The intent of this analysis is to evaluate my strengths and weaknesses in each of these four areas. In addition, a discussion will be completed on how current leadership skill sets will be used for advocating change in my workplace. The conclusion of the paper will concentrate on one personal goal for leadership growth, including an implementation plan leading to its fulfillment. Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses In the four areas of personal and professional accountability, career planning, personal journey disciplines, and reflective practice reference behaviors/tenets, my strengths and weaknesses align to the progression from transactional to transformational leadership. As transformational leadership concentrates on creating a culture of trust and transparency (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010) my strength in personal and professional accountability is to strive to be trust-worthy. One of my strengths in this area is the willingness to keep other informed as to my progress over time on projects and if I am going to be on time for an appointment or not. 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